Sulfamethoxazole and Its Metabolite Nitroso Sulfamethoxazole Stimulate Dendritic Cell Costimulatory Signaling

Costimulatory Signaling Sulfamethoxazole Stimulate Dendritic Cell Sulfamethoxazole and Its Metabolite Nitroso

Characterization of sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethoxazole metabolite-specific T-cell responses in animals and humans.

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Identification of drug-specific lymphocytes from hypersensitive patients suggests involvement of the immune system. Lymphocytes from humans recognize SMX and nitroso-SMX (SMX-NO), whereas cells from sensitized rats recognize only SMX-NO. In this investigation, we study the nature of SMX-specific T cells in four species. Male ...

Covalent binding of the nitroso metabolite of sulfamethoxazole is important in induction of drug-specific T-cell responses in vivo.

Immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) represent a significant problem due to their unpredictable and severe nature, as well as the lack of understanding of the pathogenesis. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a widely used antibiotic, has been used as a model compound to investigate the underlying mechanism of IDHRs because it has been associated with a relatively high incidence of hyper...

Modification of an automated method for measurement of sulfamethoxazole and its major metabolite in biological fluids.

Mechanization of the Bratton and Marshall procedure for the analysis of sulfonamides in biological fluids usually incorporated a dialysis step. Results for sulfamethoxazole and its major metabolite (N4-acetylsulfamethoxazole) by the traditional method of acid hydrolysis often showed “negative” quantities of the metabolite. After an exhaustive examination it was found that the dialysis step must...

Tuberculosis and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

The sulfonamides were the first drugs with antituberculous effects. Their use was abandoned and basically forgotten with the advent of streptomycin and isoniazid combination treatment. There is a widespread belief, apparently based on testing a single isolate on questionable media, that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). We saw a complex immunoco...